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<title>Gi&#7853;t chu&#7897;ng nhа th&#7901; &#273;&#7875; lаm gм</title>
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<h2 style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Tahoma, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-style: normal; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; letter-spacing: normal; orphans: 2; text-indent: 0px; text-transform: none; white-space: normal; widows: 2; word-spacing: 0px; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; float: left; position: relative; width: 650px; text-align: center; line-height: 27px; margin-left: 10px; margin-right: 0px; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; padding: 0px; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255)">
Gi&#7853;t chu&#7897;ng nhа th&#7901; &#273;&#7875; lаm gм?</h2>
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	L&#432;&#7907;t xem:<span class="Apple-converted-space">&nbsp;</span><b style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px">2</b></li>
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	<p style="text-align: justify; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<span style="font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif; font-size: 16px; color: rgb(0, 0, 128); margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<em style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<img alt="" src="http://www.gplongxuyen.org/Uploads/images/ChuongNhaTho.jpg" style="width: 320px; height: 216px; float: left; border: medium none; margin: 10px; padding: 0px">Trong 
	b&#7897; giбo lu&#7853;t hi&#7879;n hаnh, khфng cтn th&#7845;y nуi t&#7899;i chuфng nhа th&#7901; n&#7919;a. Nh&#432; v&#7853;y 
	cу ngh&#297;a lа t&#7915; nay cу th&#7875; dщng chiкng tr&#7889;ng phиn la, ch&#7913; khфng c&#7847;n ph&#7843;i gi&#7853;t 
	chuфng trong cбc nghi l&#7877; ph&#7909;ng v&#7909; n&#7919;a, ph&#7843;i khфng?</em><br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<span style="text-align: justify; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">Tr&#432;&#7899;c h&#7871;t, 
	chъng ta nкn ghi nh&#7853;n lа so v&#7899;i b&#7897; lu&#7853;t c&#361;, thм qu&#7843; lа cу kho&#7843;ng tr&#7889;ng l&#7899;n 
	trong giбo lu&#7853;t hi&#7879;n hаnh v&#7873; v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; chuфng. B&#7897; lu&#7853;t c&#361; &#273;г dаnh ra ba &#273;i&#7873;u 
	lu&#7853;t &#273;&#7875; nуi t&#7899;i chuфng nhа th&#7901; (612, 1169, 1185). Cбch riкng &#273;i&#7873;u 1169 quy 
	&#273;&#7883;nh khб chi ti&#7871;t v&#7873; chuфng nhа th&#7901;, trong 5 kho&#7843;n:</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<span style="text-align: justify; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">$1. M&#7895;i nhа th&#7901; 
	nкn cу chuфng, &#273;&#7875; m&#7901;i g&#7885;i cбc tнn h&#7919;u &#273;&#7871;n tham d&#7921; ph&#7909;ng v&#7909; vа cбc vi&#7879;c &#273;&#7841;o 
	&#273;&#7913;c.</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<span style="text-align: justify; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">$2. Cбc chuфng 
	nhа th&#7901; c&#7847;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c cung hi&#7871;n hay chъc lаnh d&#7921;a theo cбc nghi th&#7913;c &#7845;n &#273;&#7883;nh 
	trong cбc sбch ph&#7909;ng v&#7909;.</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<span style="text-align: justify; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">$3 Vi&#7879;c s&#7917; d&#7909;ng 
	chuфng tщy thu&#7897;c hoаn toаn vаo th&#7849;m quy&#7873;n c&#7911;a nhа ch&#7913;c trбch H&#7897;i thбnh.</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<span style="text-align: justify; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">$4. Ngo&#7841;i tr&#7915; 
	nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n do ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;г dвng cъng chuфng &#273;г &#273;&#7863;t ra vа &#273;г &#273;&#432;&#7907;c B&#7843;n quy&#7873;n 
	chвu phк, m&#7897;t khi chuфng &#273;г &#273;&#432;&#7907;c chъc lаnh thм khфng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c dщng vаo nh&#7919;ng m&#7909;c 
	tiкu phаm t&#7909;c, &#273;&#7915;ng k&#7875; khi cу lэ do chнnh &#273;бng vа cу phйp c&#7911;a B&#7843;n quy&#7873;n, 
	ho&#7863;c do t&#7909;c l&#7879; h&#7907;p phбp.</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<span style="text-align: justify; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">Sau cщng kho&#7843;n 
	5 nуi t&#7899;i ai cу th&#7849;m quy&#7873;n cung hi&#7871;n ho&#7863;c chъc lаnh chuфng.</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<em style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	V&#7853;y n&#7871;u b&#7897; lu&#7853;t hi&#7879;n hаnh khфng cтn nуi t&#7899;i chuфng nhа th&#7901; n&#7919;a, thм hi&#7875;u lа 
	t&#7915; nay Giбo h&#7897;i &#273;&#7875; tщy ti&#7879;n, ai mu&#7889;n treo chuфng hay treo tr&#7889;ng c&#361;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c, 
	vа c&#361;ng ch&#7859;ng c&#7847;n ph&#7843;i cung hi&#7871;n hay chъc lаnh gм n&#7919;a, ph&#7843;i khфng?</em><br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<span style="text-align: justify; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">Nуi r&#7857;ng khфng 
	cтn cу lu&#7853;t l&#7879; gм v&#7873; chuфng nhа th&#7901; thм khфng &#273;ъng. Chъng ta s&#7869; &#273;&#7875; cho cбc 
	s&#7917; gia tмm hi&#7875;u lэ do t&#7841;i sao b&#7897; lu&#7853;t m&#7899;i khфng cтn nуi &#273;&#7871;n chuфng nhа th&#7901; 
	n&#7919;a. Tuy nhiкn, chъng ta th&#7845;y r&#7857;ng trong sбch nghi l&#7877; ph&#7909;ng v&#7909; dаnh cho cбc 
	Giбm m&#7909;c (Caerimoniale episcoporum) do b&#7897; Ph&#7909;ng t&#7921; xu&#7845;t b&#7843;n n&#259;m 1984 (ngh&#297;a 
	lа m&#7897;t n&#259;m sau b&#7897; giбo lu&#7853;t), cу m&#7897;t ch&#432;&#417;ng dаnh cho vi&#7879;c chъc lаnh chuфng 
	nhа th&#7901;, v&#7899;i nghi th&#7913;c l&#7845;y t&#7915; quy&#7875;n &#8353;De Benedictionibus&#8219; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ban hаnh cщng 
	n&#259;m. &#272;i&#7875;m &#273;&#7847;u tiкn c&#7847;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ghi nh&#7853;n lа sбch ph&#7909;ng v&#7909; khфng cтn nуi t&#7899;i cung 
	hi&#7871;n ho&#7863;c chъc lаnh (consecratio vel benedictio) chuфng nh&#432; tr&#432;&#7899;c, mа ch&#7881; 
	nуi t&#7899;i &#8219;chъc lаnh&#8219; mа thфi. Trong b&#7897; lu&#7853;t c&#361;, vi&#7879;c cung hi&#7871;n bao g&#7891;m vi&#7879;c 
	x&#7913;c d&#7847;u thбnh; cтn t&#7915; nay thм khфng cтn x&#7913;c d&#7847;u thбnh trкn chuфng n&#7919;a, mа 
	ch&#7881; cтn r&#7843;y n&#432;&#7899;c thбnh. Cбc nghi th&#7913;c r&#7917;a chuфng ph&#7887;ng theo nghi th&#7913;c r&#7917;a 
	t&#7897;i c&#361;ng b&#7883; b&#7887; luфn. &#272;i&#7873;u th&#7913; hai &#273;бng ghi nh&#7853;n lа vi&#7879;c chъc lаnh chuфng 
	khфng cтn dаnh cho &#273;&#7913;c Giбm m&#7909;c nh&#432; tr&#432;&#7899;c (nh&#7845;t lа vм h&#7891;i &#273;у cтn cу chuy&#7879;n 
	cung hi&#7871;n), nh&#432;ng mа cу th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#7917; hаnh b&#7903;i cha s&#7903; hay linh m&#7909;c qu&#7843;n &#273;&#7889;c 
	thбnh &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng. &#272;i&#7873;u th&#7913; ba c&#7847;n ghi nh&#7853;n lа chuфng ch&#7881; c&#7847;n chъc lаnh khi &#273;&#432;&#7907;c 
	s&#7917; d&#7909;ng sau khi &#273;г cу nhа th&#7901;. Cтn khi chuфng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c khбnh thбnh cщng lъc v&#7899;i 
	nhа th&#7901; m&#7899;i, thм khфng c&#7847;n ph&#7843;i lаm l&#7877; chъc lаnh riкng cho cбc chuфng, b&#7903;i 
	vм vi&#7879;c cung hi&#7871;n vа chъc lаnh nhа th&#7901; bao g&#7891;m luфn vi&#7879;c chъc lаnh cбc v&#7853;t 
	d&#7909;ng ph&#7909;ng t&#7921; (nh&#432; lа: chuфng, &#273;аn, t&#432;&#7907;ng &#7843;nh, vv). &#272;у lа ba chi ti&#7871;t quan 
	tr&#7885;ng d&#432;&#7899;i khнa c&#7841;nh phбp lэ (ngh&#297;a lа xйt v&#7873; th&#7849;m quy&#7873;n vа ch&#7845;t li&#7879;u). Cтn 
	d&#432;&#7899;i khнa c&#7841;nh hu&#7845;n giбo m&#7909;c v&#7909;, cтn cу nh&#7919;ng chi ti&#7871;t khбc mа sбch ph&#7909;ng v&#7909; 
	mu&#7889;n nкu b&#7853;t trong cбc bаi gi&#7843;ng vа l&#7901;i nguy&#7879;n, tiкn vаn lа vai trт c&#7911;a 
	chuфng &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i &#273;&#7901;i s&#7889;ng c&#7897;ng &#273;oаn. Th&#432;&#7901;ng thм chъng ta coi cбi chuфng nh&#432; 
	d&#7845;u bбo hi&#7879;u s&#7855;p s&#7917;a t&#7899;i gi&#7901; l&#7877; r&#7891;i. Chuфng ra nh&#432; cу v&#7867; m&#7901;i m&#7885;c thъc gi&#7909;c 
	cбc tнn h&#7919;u chu&#7849;n b&#7883; &#273;i nhа th&#7901;. Th&#7871; nh&#432;ng, ngoаi cбi vai trт gi&#7909;c giг nh&#432; 
	v&#7853;y, ta c&#361;ng cу th&#7875; gбn cho nу vai trт quy t&#7909;, tri&#7879;u t&#7853;p cбc tнn h&#7919;u l&#7841;i &#273;&#7875; 
	cщng nhau th&#7901; ph&#432;&#7907;ng Chъa.</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<em style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	Nh&#432;ng mа cу n&#417;i cтn gi&#7853;t chuфng t&#7917; n&#7919;a, ch&#7913; &#273;вu ph&#7843;i ch&#7881; cу gi&#7853;t chuфng &#273;&#7875; 
	bбo hi&#7879;u s&#7855;p t&#7899;i gi&#7901; l&#7877;?</em><br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<span style="text-align: justify; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">&#272;ъng nh&#432; v&#7853;y, 
	chнnh vм th&#7871; mа v&#7915;a r&#7891;i tфi cу nуi t&#7899;i vai trт c&#7911;a ti&#7871;ng chuфng trong &#273;&#7901;i 
	s&#7889;ng c&#7897;ng &#273;oаn. &nbsp;Nу khфng nh&#7919;ng ch&#7881; gi&#7909;c giг cбc tнn h&#7919;u t&#7899;i nhа th&#7901; &#273;&#7885;c 
	kinh c&#7847;u nguy&#7879;n, nh&#432;ng nу cтn thфng bбo nh&#7919;ng bi&#7871;n c&#7889; quan tr&#7885;ng c&#7911;a c&#7897;ng 
	&#273;oаn. Nhi&#7873;u n&#417;i cу thуi t&#7909;c gi&#7853;t chuфng &#273;&#7875; loan bбo cу m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i v&#7915;a t&#7841; th&#7871;, 
	mа ta g&#7885;i lа chuфng t&#7917;. Cу n&#417;i gi&#7853;t chuфng khi cу tin vui, t&#7921;a nh&#432; khi c&#7917; 
	hаnh &#273;бm c&#432;&#7899;i, hay lа ti&#7871;p &#273;уn m&#7897;t th&#432;&#7907;ng khбch (thн d&#7909; &#273;&#7913;c Giбm m&#7909;c giбo 
	ph&#7853;n &#273;&#7871;n th&#259;m). Vа m&#7899;i &#273;вy vаi cha s&#7903; bкn Italia cho gi&#7853;t chuфng khi m&#7897;t em 
	bй m&#7899;i chаo &#273;&#7901;i. Dщ sao, thм t&#7915; lвu, t&#7909;c l&#7879; dвn gian &#273;г tуm l&#7841;i 6 vai trт 
	c&#7911;a chuфng qua hai cвu th&#417; b&#7857;ng ti&#7871;ng La-tinh nh&#432; sau: Laudo Deum, plebem 
	voco, congrego clerum, defunctos ploro, pestem fugo, festa decoro: tфi ca 
	ng&#7907;i Chъa, kкu g&#7885;i nhвn dвn, tri&#7879;u t&#7853;p giбo s&#297;, th&#432;&#417;ng khуc ng&#432;&#7901;i ch&#7871;t, &#273;u&#7893;i 
	xa d&#7883;ch t&#7877;, thфng bбo l&#7877; l&#7841;c.</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<em style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	Ch&#7855;c ai c&#361;ng hi&#7875;u rх nh&#7919;ng ch&#7913;c ph&#7853;n v&#7915;a k&#7875;. Nh&#432;ng sao l&#7841;i cу chuy&#7879;n xua 
	&#273;u&#7893;i d&#7883;ch t&#7877;?</em><br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<span style="text-align: justify; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">Tфi khфng rх 
	cho l&#7855;m. Tuy nhiкn, cу &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7855;c lа t&#7841;i nhi&#7873;u mi&#7873;n thфn quк, m&#7895;i khi tr&#7901;i b&#7883; 
	ph&#7911; mвy &#273;en ngh&#7883;t bбo s&#7855;p cу m&#432;a to, thм ng&#432;&#7901;i ta gi&#7853;t chuфng nhа th&#7901;. &#272;&#7875; 
	lаm gм v&#7853;y? Th&#432;a lа &#273;&#7875; trбnh cho kh&#7887;i sйt &#273;бnh. &#272;вy khфng ph&#7843;i lа chuy&#7879;n mк 
	tнn d&#7883; &#273;oan, nh&#432;ng cу c&#259;n b&#7843;n khoa h&#7885;c: vi&#7879;c gi&#7853;t chuфng s&#7869; gвy ra nh&#7919;ng lаn 
	sуng trкn khфng trung, &#273;бnh tan b&#7847;u khн n&#7863;ng n&#7873;, t&#7913;c lа mфi tr&#432;&#7901;ng tнch t&#7909; 
	ti&#7871;ng sйt. Nуi th&#7871; khфng cу ngh&#297;a lа cбc thбp nhа th&#7901; khфng c&#7847;n c&#7897;t thu lфi 
	n&#7919;a.</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<em style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	&#272;у lа cбc vai trт c&#7893; truy&#7873;n c&#7911;a chuфng nhа th&#7901;. Nh&#432;ng nу &#273;г thu&#7897;c vаo quб 
	kh&#7913; xa x&#432;a r&#7891;i, vа g&#7855;n li&#7873;n v&#7899;i v&#259;n minh Вu Tвy. Ngаy nay &#273;г &#273;&#7871;n lъc, chъng 
	ta ph&#7843;i tr&#7903; v&#7873; v&#7899;i v&#259;n hуa dвn t&#7897;c. Vм th&#7871;, thay vм gi&#7853;t chuфng, t&#7841;i sao 
	mмnh khфng dщng tr&#7889;ng chiкng?</em><br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<span style="text-align: justify; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">Chuy&#7879;n thay th&#7871; 
	chuфng nhа th&#7901; b&#7857;ng tr&#7889;ng chiкng thм khфng thu&#7897;c th&#7849;m quy&#7873;n c&#7911;a tфi. Th&#7921;c ra 
	thм k&#7875; c&#7843; trong b&#7897; giбo lu&#7853;t c&#361; c&#361;ng khфng cу vi&#7879;c b&#7855;t bu&#7897;c m&#7895;i nhа th&#7901; ph&#7843;i 
	cу chuфng: nhа l&#7853;p phбp ch&#7881; nуi lа &#8353;nкn cу&#8219; (convenit). Nкn bi&#7871;t lа cбc s&#7917; 
	gia &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#7891;ng э r&#7857;ng vi&#7879;c s&#7917; d&#7909;ng chuфng vаo vi&#7879;c ph&#7909;ng t&#7921; khфng h&#7873; g&#7855;n li&#7873;n 
	v&#7899;i Kitф giбo. Th&#7921;c v&#7853;y, cбc tаi li&#7879;u l&#7883;ch s&#7917; cho th&#7845;y lа cбc chщa bкn Trung 
	qu&#7889;c &#273;г s&#7917; d&#7909;ng chuфng t&#7915; xa x&#432;a, hаng ch&#7909;c th&#7871; k&#7927; tr&#432;&#7899;c cфng nguyкn. Cтn v&#7873; 
	phнa Kitф giбo, thм mгi t&#7899;i th&#7871; k&#7927; V-VI m&#7899;i th&#7845;y nуi t&#7899;i, vа tr&#7903; thаnh thфng 
	d&#7909;ng t&#7915; th&#7871; k&#7927; VII. Dщ sao, dщ khфng sаnh &#273;i&#7879;u v&#7873; вm nh&#7841;c, ng&#432;&#7901;i ta cу th&#7875; 
	nh&#7853;n th&#7845;y cу s&#7921; khбc bi&#7879;t gi&#7919;a ti&#7871;ng chuфng chщa v&#7899;i ti&#7871;ng chuфng nhа th&#7901;. 
	Chuфng chщa cу v&#7867; tr&#7847;m h&#417;n, vа &#273;бnh t&#7915; t&#7915; t&#7915;ng ti&#7871;ng m&#7897;t; cтn chuфng nhа th&#7901; 
	thм thanh h&#417;n, vа th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;бnh liкn h&#7891;i. Vа nуi chung thм cбc nhа th&#7901; cаng 
	sang thм khфng nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i ta g&#7855;n chuфng to mа l&#7841;i cтn li&#7879;u cho th&#7853;t nhi&#7873;u 
	chuфng n&#7919;a. Xйt v&#7873; chuфng to, thм gi&#7843;i quбn quвn &#273;&#432;&#7907;c dаnh cho cбc ngфi nhа 
	th&#7901; t&#7841;i M&#417;sc&#417;va, v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng qu&#7843; chuфng n&#7863;ng 65 t&#7845;n. Cтn xйt v&#7873; b&#7897;, thм cу n&#417;i 
	lаm thаnh giаn 14-15 chi&#7871;c, v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng cung &#273;&#7897; c&#7911;a nу, cу th&#7875; &#273;бnh thаnh bаi 
	hбt. Th&#7921;c ra, thм m&#7897;t s&#7889; ch&#7913;c n&#259;ng c&#7911;a chuфng nhа th&#7901; nay &#273;г b&#7883; l&#7845;n бt r&#7891;i, 
	trong s&#7889; &#273;у, ph&#7843;i nуi t&#7899;i ch&#7913;c n&#259;ng bбo gi&#7901;. Lъc &#273;&#7847;u, trong cбc &#273;an vi&#7879;n, 
	ng&#432;&#7901;i ta gi&#7853;t chuфng &#273;&#7875; bбo cho cбc tu s&#297; gi&#7901; gi&#7845;c khi th&#7913;c d&#7853;y, &#273;&#7885;c kinh, 
	lаm vi&#7879;c, vv. Sau &#273;у, cбc giбo x&#7913; c&#361;ng gi&#7853;t chuфng khфng nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#7875; bбo hi&#7879;u 
	cho cбc tнn h&#7919;u &#273;i nhа th&#7901; mа &#273;&#7875; cho bi&#7871;t gi&#7901; n&#7919;a; m&#7897;t cбch c&#7909; th&#7875; lа ba l&#7847;n 
	m&#7897;t ngаy khi x&#432;&#7899;ng kinh Truy&#7873;n tin. Ngаy nay, h&#7847;u h&#7871;t cбc tu s&#297; vа tнn h&#7919;u 
	&#273;г cу &#273;&#7891;ng h&#7891; &#273;eo tay, nкn h&#7885; khфng cтn ngуng chuфng nhа th&#7901; n&#7919;a. Dщ v&#7853;y, 
	chъng ta c&#361;ng th&#7845;y cу nh&#7919;ng hгng &#273;&#7891;ng h&#7891; &#273;г t&#7841;o ra cung &#273;i&#7879;u chuфng nhа th&#7901; 
	&#273;&#7875; bбo cбc gi&#7901; hay kh&#7855;c.</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<em style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	M&#7863;t khбc, c&#361;ng cу nh&#7919;ng nhа th&#7901; cho quay &#273;&#297;a chuфng thay vм gi&#7853;t chuфng 
	th&#7853;t; vм v&#7853;y mа chuфng nhа th&#7901; l&#7841;i cаng m&#7845;t giб tr&#7883; ph&#7843;i khфng?</em><br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<span style="text-align: justify; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">Ta khфng nкn 
	bu&#7897;c t&#7897;i cho nh&#7919;ng giбo x&#7913; &#273;г &#273;бnh chuфng gi&#7843; b&#7857;ng mбy ampli lа &#273;г phб giб 
	chuфng th&#7853;t. Cу l&#7869; b&#7903;i vм h&#7885; quб nghиo, khфng &#273;&#7911; ti&#7873;n s&#7855;m chuфng &#273;&#7845;y thфi. 
	Th&#7921;c ra thм trong l&#7883;ch s&#7917;, cбc qu&#7843; chuфng l&#7899;n &#273;г b&#7883; c&#7841;nh tranh b&#7903;i cбc &#273;&#7891;ng 
	nghi&#7879;p khбc, &#273;у lа cбc chuфng nh&#7887;.</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<em style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	Cбc chuфng nh&#7887; mа cбc chъ giъp l&#7877; v&#7851;n l&#7855;c ph&#7843;i khфng?</em><br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<span style="text-align: justify; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">&#272;ъng nh&#432; v&#7853;y. 
	Tuy nhiкn, nкn l&#432;u э lа khфng ph&#7843;i ph&#7909;ng v&#7909; &#273;г t&#7841;o ra cбc chuфng &#273;у &#273;вu. Lъc 
	&#273;&#7847;u, nу ch&#7881; lа d&#7909;ng c&#7909; &#273;&#7875; lфi kйo s&#7921; chъ э, &#273;г &#273;&#432;&#7907;c dвn Rфma s&#7917; d&#7909;ng t&#7915; lвu. 
	Tфi cтn nh&#7899; tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;вy &#7903; Vi&#7879;t Nam, m&#7845;y em bй &#273;i bбn kem c&#361;ng l&#7855;c cбi chuфng 
	nh&#432; v&#7853;y, &#273;у lа ch&#432;a nуi t&#7899;i cбc cбi chuфng bu&#7897;c vаo c&#7893; bт hay c&#7893; trвu. Ng&#432;&#7901;i 
	ta du nh&#7853;p vаo ph&#7909;ng v&#7909; &#273;&#7875; kкu g&#7885;i nh&#7855;c nh&#7903; cбc tнn h&#7919;u hгy chъ э vм s&#7855;p cу 
	chuy&#7879;n quan tr&#7885;ng.</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<em style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	Nh&#432;ng mа cаng ngаy ng&#432;&#7901;i ta cаng нt xаi t&#7899;i chuфng bй &#7845;y trong Thбnh l&#7877;, t&#7841;i 
	sao v&#7853;y?</em><br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<span style="text-align: justify; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">Lэ do d&#7877; hi&#7875;u. 
	Tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;вy, Thбnh l&#7877; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#7917; hаnh b&#7857;ng ti&#7871;ng La-tinh. Cбc tнn h&#7919;u theo dхi mа 
	khфng hi&#7875;u gм vа c&#361;ng khфng th&#7845;y gм, b&#7903;i vм h&#7885; th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7913;ng xa bаn th&#7901;. B&#7903;i 
	&#273;у, c&#7847;n cу chъ giъp l&#7877; qu&#7923; g&#7847;n bаn th&#7901; l&#7855;c chuфng bбo hi&#7879;u, nh&#7845;t lа vаo h&#7891;i 
	linh m&#7909;c s&#7855;p &#273;&#7885;c l&#7901;i chъc t&#7909;ng trкn bбnh vа r&#432;&#7907;u. Nкn bi&#7871;t lа vаo th&#7901;i Trung 
	c&#7893;, t&#7841;i cбc &#273;an vi&#7879;n vа giбo x&#7913;, ng&#432;&#7901;i ta gi&#7853;t chuфng l&#7899;n khi linh m&#7909;c dвng 
	Mмnh vа Mбu Thбnh Chъa, ngх h&#7847;u khфng nh&#7919;ng cбc ng&#432;&#7901;i hi&#7879;n di&#7879;n t&#7841;i ch&#7895; mа 
	th&#7853;m chн cбc ng&#432;&#7901;i lаm vi&#7879;c ngoаi &#273;&#7891;ng c&#361;ng cу th&#7875; k&#7871;t hi&#7879;p th&#7901; l&#7841;y Chъa. 
	M&#7897;t cбch t&#432;&#417;ng t&#7921; nh&#432; v&#7853;y, ng&#432;&#7901;i ta c&#361;ng gi&#7853;t chuфng khi ban phйp lаnh Mмnh 
	Thбnh Chъa. D&#7847;n d&#7847;n, ng&#432;&#7901;i ta thay chuфng l&#7899;n b&#7857;ng chuфng nh&#7887;. Th&#7871; nh&#432;ng sau 
	cфng &#273;&#7891;ng Vaticanф II, nhi&#7873;u n&#417;i th&#7845;y chuфng nh&#7887; khфng cтn c&#7847;n thi&#7871;t n&#7919;a t&#7915; 
	khi ph&#7909;ng v&#7909; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#7917; hаnh b&#7857;ng ti&#7871;ng b&#7843;n qu&#7889;c, vа m&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i cу th&#7875; theo dхi 
	d&#7877; dаng cбc nghi l&#7877; di&#7877;n ra trкn bаn th&#7901;. Nh&#432; ch&#7883; &#273;г bi&#7871;t, tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;вy, bаn 
	th&#7901; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#7845;t &#7903; cu&#7889;i nhа th&#7901; vа ch&#7911; t&#7871; thм quay l&#432;ng ra b&#7893;n &#273;&#7841;o, nкn ch&#7881; cу 
	chъ bй giъp l&#7877; &#273;&#7913;ng g&#7847;n &#273;у m&#7899;i bi&#7871;t cу chuy&#7879;n gм x&#7843;y ra vа l&#7855;c chuфng cho 
	c&#7897;ng &#273;oаn bi&#7871;t. Bвy gi&#7901; thм c&#7897;ng &#273;oаn khфng c&#7847;n t&#7899;i ti&#7871;ng bбo hi&#7879;u c&#7911;a chъ 
	giъp l&#7877; n&#7919;a b&#7903;i vм h&#7885; th&#7845;y h&#7871;t cбc hаnh vi c&#7911;a linh m&#7909;c r&#7891;i.</span><br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<br style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	<strong style="box-sizing: border-box; text-align: justify; overflow: hidden; font-family: Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 15px; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); line-height: 20px !important; margin: 0px; padding: 0px">
	Giuse Phan T&#7845;n Thаnh, op.</strong></span></div>

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